Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which inflammation causes various degrees of bronchial obstruction. This inflammation causes episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing, particularly at night and early morning hours.
It affects over 300 million people worldwide regardless of the level of cultural development.
Drug treatment may be either symptomatic, which aims to stop the crisis through short-acting drugs such as adrenaline, corticosteroids, oxygen, etc.., Or preventive which indicates regular use of bronchodilators, antihistamines, corticosteroids, therapy respiratory specific immunotherapy, etc.
Nurses play a vital role in helping patients to make decisions and learn to take specific actions needed to control asthma. These actions by the patient are the focus of all education of patients with asthma.
The content should include an explanation of asthma, the objectives and principles in the management of asthma and the dangers of overuse and underuse of medication.
Therefore, the nurse must educate the patient and/or family to avoid triggers and know the specific treatment and their appropriate use.