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Metas de Enfermería

Metas de Enfermería

MARZO 2009 N° 2 Volumen 12

Intrasession pain and chronic pain in patients receiving haemodialysis

Section: Featured Articles

How to quote

Rodríguez Calero MA, Hernández Sánchez D, Gutiérrez Navarro MJ, Calls Ginesta J. Dolor intrasesión y dolor crónico en pacientes que reciben hemodiálisis. Metas de Enferm mar 2009; 12(2): 12-18

Authors

1Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Calero, 1Daniel Hernández Sánchez, 1Mª José Gutiérrez Navarro, 2Jordi Calls Ginesta

Position

1Enfermero/a. Unidad de Hemodiálisis del Hospital de Manacor, Mallorca.2Nefrólogo. Jefe del Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital de Manacor, Islas Baleares.

Contact address

Unidad de Hemodiálisis. Hospital de Manacor. Carretera Manacor-Alcudia, s/n. 07500 Manacor, Mallorca.

Contact email: mianrodriguez@hospitalmanacor.org

Abstract

Pain is a prevalent symptom in haemodialysis, but frequently goes unnoticed.  The limited amount of studies dealing with pain in dialysis refer mainly to chronic pain.
Objectives: to learn about the characteristics of pain during haemodialysis sessions and about the chronic pain experienced by patients undergoing this treatment, analgesic measures taken and the possible interference of pain with daily life activities (DLA), as well as the differences between both types of pain.
Design: cross-sectional, descriptive study that included all overage patients who had received haemodialysis for over a month in the Haemodialysis Unit of the Manacor Hospital between february 2005 and february 2006.  
Methodology: pain assessment in two phases: intradialysis pain and chronic pain, using several measurement scales: McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) for quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pain; Analog Visual Scale (AVS) for pain intensity; Pain Management Index (PMI) for assessment of pharmacological measures and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) for exploration of pain in relation to DLAs.
Results and conclusions: 27 patients (mean age 66,7±13,6) presenting a high prevalence of intradialysis pain, of moderate intensity, and most frequently caused by ischemic pain, were analyzed. Posture, modification of dialysis parameters, physical measures and pharmacological treatment lessened the pain. The prevalence of chronic pain was also high, though significantly less than intrasession pain, and most frequently derived from a musculoskeletal origin.  Pain intensity was mild or moderate and was significantly better treated. The duration of dialysis was significantly associated with pain intensity and pain intensity with hyperthyroidism levels. General activity and movement/walking were the DLAs most affected by pain.

Keywords:

pain; chronic pain; haemodialysis; daily life activities; assessmentpain management

Versión en Español

Título:

Dolor intrasesión y dolor crónico en pacientes que reciben hemodiálisis