Nursing care in hypothermia treatment for newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
Section: Revisiones
How to quote
Gadea Uribarri B, Pinilla Varona L. Cuidados de Enfermería en el tratamiento con hipotermina en la encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica del recién nacido. Metas Enferm sep 2018; 21(7):67-75.
Authors
Beatriz Gadea Uribarri1, Laura Pinilla Varona1
Position
1Enfermera. Centro de Salud Fernando El Católico. Zaragoza
Contact address
Beatriz Gadea Uribarri. Urbanización Parque Roma, bloque C4. 50010 Zaragoza
Contact email: beatrizgadea_zgz_94@hotmail.com
Abstract
Objective: to analyze the scientific evidence available about hypothermia treatment and Nursing care for newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Method: a narrative review of literature. A bibliographic search was conducted in different databases, platforms, libraries and repositories, including PubMed, Cochrane, Lilacs, Enfispo, Cuiden, Scielo, etc. The following combined terms were used: “hipoxia- isquemia encefálica” (hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy), “hipotermia inducida” (induced hypothermia), “recién nacido” (newborn) and “atención de Enfermería” (Nursing care). The search was limited to scientific articles on Neonatology and Paediatrics published between 2006 and 2017, in Spanish and English.
Results: twenty-nine (29) studies were identified regarding hypothermia treatment for newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) as well as Nursing care. Different studies have demonstrated that applying hypothermia before the first 6 hours of life, and maintaining it for 72 hours, will reduce mortality and brain damage. There is some controversy regarding its application in severe or moderate hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, but favourable results are obtained in both. No therapy will improve the efficacy of hypothermia when used in combination. The success of this treatment requires the effort of a multidisciplinary team. Nurses as professionals will play an essential role in its application, with must also include care for parents during the entire process.
Conclusions: the evidence available supports that induced hypothermia will reduce mortality and neurological consequences in newborns. Further follow-up over the years should be conducted in these newborns. Other strategies are required, to be used in combination with induced hypothermia, for a reduction in the impact of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Keywords:
Encephalic hypoxia-ischemia; induced hypothermia; newborn; nursing care
Versión en Español
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