Study of prevalence and risk factors in the occurrence of macrosomia in the newborn
Section: LEARNING TO TEACH
Authors
1Rosario Esteban Reguero, 1Lourdes Arminda León Gil, 2Emilio Pintor Holguín
Position
1Alumnas de 3º de Enfermería de la Universidad Europea de Madrid. 2Profesor titular de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid.
Contact email: danilucia@live.com
Abstract
Introduction: in recent decades, the normalized monitoring of pregnancy in Spain has possibly determined a decrease in the number of macrosomic fetuses.
Materials and methods: all women who gave birth to live fetuses in the period of three months (December 2008-February 2009) in the Fundación Jiménez Díaz (FJD) and went for checkups at the Perinatal Health Center La Paz (Rivas Vaciamadrid). Inclusion criteria: Live fetuses born between 38-42 weeks of pregnancy. Certain maternal (BMI, weight gain, age and diabetes mellitus) and newborn (NB) (weight, sex) variables were included in the study. Macrosomia was defined as newborn’s weight > 4,000g. We conducted a comparative and descriptive statistical analysis of the Group with macrosomia versus the Group without macrosomia (Student’s T test and chi-square).
Results: 73 women were included with a mean age of 30.9, a mean BMI at the end of pregnancy of 27 and an average weight gain of 12.5kg. Nearly half of them were immigrants and only 6 (8.2%) developed gestational diabetes. Of the 73 NB, 13 (17.8%) were macrosomic and the variables which were statistically associated with macrosomia were maternal weight gain during pregnancy and gestational diabetes.
Conclusions: the prevalence of macrosomia in the study group is high and weight control during pregnancy should become stricter in order to avoid the large weight gain and gestational diabetes onset.
Keywords:
Fetal macrosomia; gestational diabetes; maternal weight gainrisk factors
Versión en Español
Título:
Estudio de prevalencia y factores de riesgo en la aparición de macrosomía en el recién nacido
