Premenstrual syndrome. Characteristics and management
Section: TEACHING TO LEARN
How to quote
Martín Castillo M, Ramón Arbúes E. Síndrome premenstrual. Características y manejo. Educare21 2011; 75. [En línea] [fecha de acceso: 1 de abril de 2011]. URL disponible en: www.educare21.net
Authors
1Myriam Martín Castillo, 2Enrique Ramón Arbués
Position
1Enfermera especialista en Obstetricia y Ginecología (Matrona). Colaboradora docente de la Universidad San Jorge de Zaragoza.2Profesor del Grado en Enfermería de la Universidad San Jorge de Zaragoza.
Contact email: myrmatrona@hotmail.com
Abstract
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) includes a set of physical and / or emotional alterations, which only appear in the luteal phase of ovulatory cycles, with variable intensity or severity but often enough to disrupt daily activities and lifestyle of women. Although its etiology is still not completely known, the role of psychosocial and biological factors is recognized, including include hormone and neurotransmitter variations.
PMS affects 30-40% of women of reproductive age, pointing to a higher incidence between the third to fourth decades of life. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a disorder related to the SPM that is clinically characterized by severe mood disorders, depression, irritability, anxiety and marked emotional lability. The PMDD affects between 8% and 10% of women, and is a notable and disabling disorder in social life, work and family.
The therapeutic approach depends on the severity of symptoms. Changes in lifestyle and diet, as well as psychotherapy and vitamin supplements are usually effective in improving the disorder symptoms, and if these don’t work, pharmacological treatment with antidepressants, anxiolytics or oral hormonal contraception (AHO), among others, can be used.
This review aims to provide updated professional knowledge on women\'s sexual and reproductive health on a major problem resulting from the syndrome with the suffering involved and the disruption that it causes in daily lives of women affected.
PMS affects 30-40% of women of reproductive age, pointing to a higher incidence between the third to fourth decades of life. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a disorder related to the SPM that is clinically characterized by severe mood disorders, depression, irritability, anxiety and marked emotional lability. The PMDD affects between 8% and 10% of women, and is a notable and disabling disorder in social life, work and family.
The therapeutic approach depends on the severity of symptoms. Changes in lifestyle and diet, as well as psychotherapy and vitamin supplements are usually effective in improving the disorder symptoms, and if these don’t work, pharmacological treatment with antidepressants, anxiolytics or oral hormonal contraception (AHO), among others, can be used.
This review aims to provide updated professional knowledge on women\'s sexual and reproductive health on a major problem resulting from the syndrome with the suffering involved and the disruption that it causes in daily lives of women affected.
Keywords:
diagnosis; epidemiology; premenstrual dysphoric disorder; premenstrual syndrometherapy
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