Bacterial vaginosis associated with preterm birth. The role of the midwife in its early detection Section: Revisions How to quote Lledó Gómez L, Vázquez Gay P, Fernández García E. Vaginosis bacteriana relacionada con parto prematura. Papel de la matrona en su identificación temprana. Matronas Hoy 2025; 13(1):39-48. Authors1 Leticia Lledó Gómez, 2 Patricia Vázquez Gay, 3 Elena Fernández García Position 1 Enfermera especialista en Enf. Obstétrico-ginecológica (Matrona). Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis. Alicante, Valencia (España)2 Diplomada en Podología. Enfermera Especialista en Enf. Obstétrico-Ginecológica (Matrona), actualmente estudiando grado de Medicina3 Enfermera Especialista en Enf. Obstétrico-Ginecológica (Matrona). CS Vicente Solvedilla. Madrid (España) Contact email: letilledo@gmail.com Abstract Introduction: bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an alteration on the balance of the vaginal flora, characterized by a reduction in Lactobacilli and an increase of other bacteria, which can lead to different complications in female reproductive health; this problem represents a significant challenge for maternal and child health. An early detection of this infection is essential, because it may have an impact on pregnancy management and the prevention of complications. Objectives: to describe the updated scientific evidence which associates BV with preterm birth. To research about its prevalence and incidence in preterm birth. To highlight the active role by midwives in the detection and management of this infection in the Primary Care setting. Methodology: a traditional systematic review of the literature available in order to analyse the most recent scientific recommendations regarding the association between BV and preterm birth. Discussion: BV is considered a condition with high prevalence. Even though it is very common in women of childbearing age, and although it is not an alarming condition, it can cause adverse outcomes in pregnancy, including preterm birth. Conclusion: symptomatic pregnant women must be treated with the adequate medication, because it will prevent any future complications. Scientific evidence supports the need for adequate monitoring and a proactive approach for the detection of this infection. In this context, the midwife plays an essential role in prenatal care, acting like the first point of contact for pregnant women. Keywords: bacterial vaginosis; vaginal infection; midwife; preterm birth; early diagnosis Versión en Español Título: Vaginosis bacteriana relacionada con parto prematuro. Papel de la matrona en su identificación temprana Artículo completo no disponible en este idioma / Full article is not available in this language Bibliography [1] Pradenas M. 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