Authors

1Miguel Ánglel Núñez Martínez, 1Antoni Pastor Monerris, 1Elena López Acuña, 1Loreto Cruz Bonmati, 1Gema Gallego Treviño, 2Concepción Carratalá Munuera

Position

¹Enfermero/a de Atención Primaria. Dpto. de Alicante-San Juan de Alicante.²Universidad Miguel Hernández. Campus de San Juan

Contact email: nunyz_mig@gva.es

Abstract

Patients with cardiovascular diseases deserve a highest priority in cardiovascular prevention due to: their risk is higher, interventions are more effective, and a larger benefit can be obtained. However less than 50% of patients reach a good control of main risk factors (LDL-cholesterol, blood pressure).
Purpose: Novel models for chronic care provide new procedural strategies that can be used in these patients. Such models have been implemented in the present study to alter adherence to non-pharmacological measures (diet, physical activity, smoking).
Methods: Six individual nursing visits were planned over a one-year follow-up period. The following items were assessed: Mediterranean diet (14-point scale), exercise, smoking, and blood pressure control (BP < 140/90) and laboratory findings (LDL-cholesterol <100 mg/dl).
Results and conclusions: The following changes from baseline values were observed at the end of the program: usual physical activity (67.7 vs 86.2; p < 0.05); non-smokers (84.2 vs 94.6; p < 0.05); SBP < 140 mmHg (70.2 vs 76.0; p < 0.05); DBP < 90 mmHg (93.0 vs 95.2 NS); Mediterranean diet  score (9.7 vs 10.5; p < 0.05). Furthermore, a 37% decrease from previous year in clinic visits over one year was observed (13.04 vs 8.06; p < 0.05). Nursing intervention has improved risk factors in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Keywords:

Ischemic heart disease; cardiovascular prevention; cardiovascular risk factors

Versión en Español

Título:

Intervención enfermera en prevención secundaria a pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica en Atención Primaria