Impact of home confinement in patients with hypertension and Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Section: Originals
How to quote
Muñoz Castaño M, Basarte Gaspar L, Salcedo Ruiz P, Santos Marroquín J, Torralba González de Suso M. Influencia del confinamiento domiciliario en pacientes con hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus tipo 2. RIdEC 2021; 14(1):42-49.
Authors
1 Melissa Muñoz Castaño, 1 Laura Basarte Gaspar, 1 Pablo Salcedo Ruiz, 1 Judit Santos Marroquín, 2 Miguel Torralba González de Suso
Position
1 Enfermera/o Especialista en Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria. Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara.2 FEA Medicina Interna. Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara.
Contact email: assilemm96@gmail.com
Abstract
Introduction: Primary Care (PC) is an essential cornerstone for the control of cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension (HTN) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The COVID-19 pandemic represented a change in PC organization, and healthcare consultations by telephone stood out within this change. The objective is to assess the impact of home confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with HTN and T2D. Methodology: a retrospective cohort study conducted in two urban Primary Care centres and two rural centres in Guadalajara (Spain), collecting data during the six months before and after lockdown. The analysis included gender, age, COVID-19 experience, geographic setting, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HBa1c), glomerular filtrate (GF), microalbuminuria, and telephone follow-up during confinement. Results: the study included 221 patients. No statistically significant changes were observed in the clinical variables studied after lockdown. A mild reduction in BMI by 0.29 kg/m2 (CI95%, p= 0,02) stood out, as well as a reduction in the HBa1c level by 0.39% (CI95% p= 0.009) in those patients with telephone monitoring by nurses. Patients who presented poor control in their BP, HBa1c, glycemia, GM, or creatinine increase, showed an improvement in their parameters after lockdown (p< 0.05) versus those better controlled. Conclusion: patients with HTN and T2D have not experienced a significant impact from a clinical point of view after the home confinement due to COVID-19. Telephone monitoring by nurses has demonstrated being an important element for the best control of HBa1c.
Keywords:
Hypertension; type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Primary Care; Community Health Nursing; home confinement; telephone consultation
Versión en Español
Título:
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