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Enfermería en Cardiología

Enfermería en Cardiología

ENERO 2022 N° 85 Volumen 32

Efficacy of a cardiac rehabilitation programme in cardiovascular risk factors control: first year experience

Section: Artículos Científicos

Authors

Leonor Ortega Fernández1, María del Mar Abad García2, María José Ferreira Diaz2, María del Carmen Coria Abel3, Marta Cerecedo Fernández4, María Isabel Imedio Granullaque4, Eva María Pereira López5, Raúl Franco Gutiérrez6.

Position

  1 Diplomada universitaria de Enfermería. Enfermera en la Unidad de Hemodinámica, Imagen y   Rehabilitación Cardiaca del Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo.   2 Diplomada universitaria de Enfermería. Enfermera en la Unidad de Rehabilitación Cardiaca del Servicio   de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo.  3 Diplomada universitaria de Enfermería. Enfermera en la Unidad de Imagen y Rehabilitación Cardiaca del   Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Augusti, Lugo.  4 Diplomada universitaria en Fisioterapia. Fisioterapeuta en la Unidad de Rehabilitación Cardiaca del   Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Augusti, Lugo.  5 Facultativo Especialista de Área de Cardiología, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Lucus   Augusti, Lugo.  6 Facultativo Especialista de Área de Cardiología, Servicio de cardiología Hospital Universitario Lucus   Augusti, Lugo. Doctor en Ciencias de la Salud por la Universidad da Coruña.

Contact address

Leonor Ortega Fernández. Servicio de Cardiología. Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti. Avenida Dr. Ulises Romero, 1. 27003 Lugo

Contact email: leonor.ortega.fernandez@sergas.es

Abstract

 Introduction. Cardiac rehabilitation programs have demonstrated a decrease in the morbimortality of subjects with coronary artery disease, however the number of cardiac rehabilitation units in our country is low. The main objective of our study is to determine the degree of cardiovascular risk factors and functional capacity improvement of patients with ischaemic heart disease undergoing a cardiac rehabilitation programme during the first year. The secondary objectives are to assess the evolution of cardiovascular risk factors during the programme and to determine the rate of adverse cardiovascular events.
Methods. Experimental, longitudinal, retrospective, single-centre study of a cohort of patients undergoing a cardiac rehabilitation programme.
Results. Between 01/12/2014 and 01/12/2015 a total of 73 patients were included in a cardiac rehabilitation program at our hospital. There were statistically significant decreases in systolic blood pressure (1.86%), total cholesterol (16.85%), triglycerides (12.19%), LDL cholesterol (26.46%), weight and body mass index (0.83%) and abdominal circumference (2.23%) and an increase in HDL cholesterol (9.80%). 74.1% of patients stopped smoking, 64.4% reached established LDL cholesterol target levels and a significant decrease in basal glycaemia was obtained in diabetics. Functional parameters were improved. With the exception of weight, there was no improvement in parameters at mid-programme. The 5-year cardiovascular event-free survival was 95.9%.
Conclusions. The results obtained regarding cardiovascular risk factors, functional capacity and cardiovascular events reinforce the need for widespread implementation of this type of programme.

Keywords:

cardiac rehabilitation; cardiovascular nursing; risk factors; Myocardial infarction; stroke

Versión en Español

Título:

Eficacia de un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca en el control de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular: experiencia durante el primer año en nuestro centro

Artículo completo no disponible en este idioma / Full article is not available in this language

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