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Educare

Educare

NOVIEMBRE 2004 N° 8 Volumen 2

Nursing diagnosis detected in a population over 65 years of age with psiquiatric problems

Section: TEACHING TO LEARN

Authors

1Rafael Sales i Orts, 2A. Grau i Muñoz, 3M. Muñoz i Montagud, 4M. Leal Cercós, 5M. Guillem Cruz

Position

1Profesor Titular de la Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería. Universitat de Valencia.2Socióloga. Profesora de la especialidad de Enfermería Psiquiátrica, EVES.3Enfermera del hospital "La Fe". Llicenciada en Filosofía.4Profesora Titular Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería, Universitat de Valencia.5Supervisora del Servicio de Psiquiatría del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia.

Contact address

EUE Universidad de Valencia. C/ Jaime Roig, s/n. 46010 Valencia.

Contact email: rafael.sales@uv.es

Abstract

Argument: The attempt to standardise a taxonomy defining the process of nursing care and its application in the healthcare setting is an objective on which we have been trying to work for quite some years now. These efforts have, however, forgotten to consider the psychosocial factors associated to mental diseases. Sociological and anthropological tradition provides methodologies that make it possible to know the origin of the phenomena and permit the elaboration of theoretical proposals for their application.
Among the most developed taxonomy systems it is worth to point out the one proposed  by North American Nurses Diagnosis Association, commonly known as NANDA, applicable to different medical specialities.
In the work here presented we have attempted to utilise this taxonomy (functional patterns and human responses) for the detection of psychiatric problems, with specific emphasis on problems of a psychosocial nature. To this end, we have compared a study group (individuals over 65) against a control group (individuals aged between 18 and 65 years), both groups suffering from psychiatric problems.
Material and method: This study has been designed as a case-control example (non-equivalent). The study population was defined by adults over the age of 65 admitted to the Hospital Clínico Universitari de Valencia during 2002. The control population was composed of over 18s and under 65s admitted into the same hospital during the same year. In both samples the Functional Patterns were found to be altered as were the psychosocial responses following NANDA taxonomy.
Results: According to our results, we can reach three conclusions: A) a group of human responses that altered the functional patterns in both groups, B) a group of human responses that alternated between each other in the study group but not in the control group, and C) a group of human responses found to be altered in the control group but not in the study group.
According to our results, the incidence in the detection of responses was greater in the group composed of subjects aged over 65 than in the control group, mostly in what concerns psychosocial problems.
Lastly, the evaluation tool developed by M. Gordon  and the NANDA taxonomy were shown to be effective as instruments for the detection and organisation of problems in a psychiatric ward.

Keywords:

functional patterns of health; nurses diagnosispeople over the age of 65 with psychiatric problems

Versión en Español

Título:

Diagnósticos de Enfermería detectados en una población mayor de 65 años con problemas psiquiátricos