Explanatory models and paradigmatic position of nurses and patients when faced with the same disease process
Section: History and Fundamentals of Nursing
How to quote
Fernández-Lasquetty B, Rodríguez Almagro J. Modelos explicativos y posicionamiento paradigmático de profesionales de la salud y pacientes . Metas de Enferm sep 2012; 15(7): 20-26
Authors
1Blanca Fernández-Lasquetty Blanc, 2Julián Rodríguez Almagro
Position
1Enfermera. Doctoranda de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad de Alicante. Subdirectora de Enfermería del Hospital General La Mancha-Centro. Alcázar de San Juan. Ciudad Real.2Enfermero. Doctorando de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad de Alicante. Enfermero del Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital General de Ciudad Real.
Contact address
Blanca Fernández-Lasquetty Blanc. C/ Álvarez Guerra, 19-3º A. 13600 Alcázar de San Juan (Ciudad Real).
Contact email: blancaf@sescam.jccm.es
Abstract
Nursing professionals in the development of their work have regular contact with patients, without the professional being aware of the different frames of reference that patients have regarding the concept of health/illness and about themselves.
Study objectives: to reveal by means of the ethnographic method the explanatory models that nurses and patients manage when faced with the same disease process (hypertension and diabetes) and to identify the paradigmatic position in the nurse-patient relationship.
Material and method: qualitative study with ethnographic method that was conducted in two primary care centers of Ciudad Real in 2010. Participants were people with diabetes and/or arterial hypertension and the centre’s nurses. The used techniques were participant observation during the clinical meeting between the nurse and the patient, and subsequently, the semi-structured interview in both. Analysis and interpretation: contents analysis of the interviews and metaphors used.
Results: there were a total of eight interviews to patients and to two nurses.
Discussion: the lack of knowledge shown by patients appears to be related to their level of education and the influence of rational technological paradigm in which they are implemented, with nurses having evolved toward a hermeneutic paradigm.
Conclusions: understanding the explanatory model of the other is an opportunity to approach and initiate a process of change in which the patient shares the responsibility of their self-care.
Keywords:
adherence; chronic patient; ethnography; explanatory models; fundamentals of Nursingnurse-patient relationship
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