Authors

1Isabel Sanclemente Vinué, 2Carmen Elboj Saso, 3Tatiana Iñiguez Berrozpe

Position

¹Enfermera y fisioterapeuta. Hospital General San Jorge de Huesca. ²Doctora en Sociología. Universidad de Zaragoza.³Doctora en Sociología. Escuela Universitaria de Turismo de Zaragoza.

Contact address

C/ Mateo Esatún Llanas, 10, esc 5, 4º A. 22005 Huesca.

Contact email: isabelbis@hotmail.com

Abstract

Objectives: to learn about the current state of the burnout issue among Nursing professionals in Spain, and to identify those variables associated with it.
Methodology: a scientific literature review was conducted, through a bibliographical search in Medline and Web of Knowledge, for original articles published in the last five years regarding Nursing, burnout and Spain.
Results: thirty original articles were obtained, after eliminating those which did not meet the requirements. Burnout figures in Nursing Professionals are between 18 and 33%. Between 26.74% and 55% of nursing professionals present emotional fatigue. In Spain, this syndrome is associated with the high nurse-patient ratios, increasingly larger hospitals, and the fact of working in hospitalization units. Regarding sociodemographical variables, burnout syndrome is associated with being single, female, working in shifts, and specific personal characteristics such as low sociability, reduced emotional competence, and comparison with others in a negative way, among others.
Conclusions: married status, age, type of contract, patient ratio, hospital size and type of work conducted in the different units are factors which modulate this syndrome. Personal characteristics are being confirmed as decisive factors for burnout development; therefore, an improvement in individual and collective personal skills could modulate its incidence.

Keywords:

burnout; Work-related health; emotional exhaustion

Versión en Español

Título:

Burnout en los profesionales de Enfermería en España. Estado de la cuestión