The effect of an educational intervention by nurses on the management of gestational diabetes
Section: Featured Articles
How to quote
Lara Luque R. Efecto de una intervención educativa enfermera en el manejo de la diabetes gestacional. Metas Enferm feb 2016; 19(1): 14-20.
Authors
Rosario Lara Luque
Position
Enfermera educadora en diabetes. Maternidad. Hospital General Universitario (HGU) Gregorio Marañón. Madrid
Contact address
Rosario Lara Luque. C/ El Padrino, 1-portal F, 2º A. 28018
Contact email: roslarluq@gmail.com
Abstract
Objective: to assess the effect of a nursing educational intervention on the management of gestational diabetes.
Method: quasi-experimental study conducted at the Diabetes Education Unit of the Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón in Madrid, with pregnant women diagnosed with gestational / pre-gestational diabetes, from September, 2013 to March, 2014. The educational intervention was conducted individually, and structured into three sessions. Data were collected through an ad hoc self-administered questionnaire, which included demographical and clinical variables, as well as knowledge about diabetes, and the anxiety and depression scales both by Goldberg and the hospital. A descriptive analysis of all variables was conducted, and the t-test for paired variables was used to assess the efficacy of the intervention.
Results: the study included 61 pregnant women; 33 of them needed treatment with insulin. Their mean age was 37 years (SD: 4.5), and their gestational age was 24.4 weeks (SD:7:1). 86.9% of the women presented gestational diabetes, vs. 13.1% who presented pre-gestational diabetes. There were statistically significant differences in the mean scores for knowledge before and after the intervention (p< 0.01), as well as in the levels of anxiety and depression according to the scales used.
Conclusion: the improvement in the level of knowledge about management and control of gestational diabetes brings to light the benefits of diabetes education, encouraging treatment compliance and an early detection of emotional distress, and therefore allowing to prevent potential complications during pregnancy, labour and puerperium.
Keywords:
gestational diabetes; healthcare education; nursing care; anxiety; depression
Versión en Español
Título:
Efecto de una intervención educativa enfermera en el manejo de la diabetes gestacional
Artículo completo no disponible en este idioma / Full article is not available in this language
Bibliography
- 01. Guariguata L, Whiting DR, Hambleton I, Beagley J, Linnenkamp U, Shaw JE. Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014 Feb; 103(2):137-49.
02. Ministerio de Sanidad Servicios Sociales e Igualdad. Estrategia en Diabetes del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Actualizacion. Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, Publicaciones. C de, editors.; 2012.
03. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2012; 35(Suppl 1):S64-71.
04. Asocciation AD. Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care 2013 Jan; 36(Suppl 1):S11-66.
05. Grupo Español de Diabetes y Embarazo (GEDE). Asistencia a la gestante con diabetes. Guía de práctica clínica actualizada en 2014. Av en Diabetol. 2015; 31(January):45-59.
06. Corcoy R, Lumbreras B, Bartha JL, Ricart W, Grupo Español de Diabetes y Embarazo. Nuevos criterios diagnósticos de diabetes mellitus gestacional a partir del estudio HAPO ¿Son válidos en nuestro medio? Endocrinol Nutr. 2010 Jan; 57(6):277-80.
07. Miller E, Hare JW, Cloherty JP, Dunn PJ, Gleason RE, Soeldner JS, et al. Elevated maternal hemoglobin A1c in early pregnancy and major congenital anomalies in infants of diabetic mothers. N Engl J Med. 1981 May 28; 304(22):1331-4.
08. Sheffield JS, Butler-Koster EL, Casey BM, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. Maternal diabetes mellitus and infant malformations. Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Nov; 100(5 Pt 1):925-30.
09. Vidal M, Jansá M. Entrenamiento del paciente y de la familia en el cálculo de raciones de hidratos de carbono. Av en Diabetol. 2006; 22(4):262-8.
10. Menéndez Torre E, Tartón García T, Ortega Millán C, Fornos Pérez JA, García Mayor R, López Fernández ML. Recomendaciones 2012 de la Sociedad Española de Diabetes sobre la utilización de tiras reactivas para la medición de la glucemia capilar en personas con diabetes. Av en Diabetol. Sociedad Española de Diabetes 2012; 28(1):3-9.
11. Sáez de Ibarra L, Gaspar R, Obesso A, Bermejo AM. Diabetología Educación terapéutica en diabetes. Av en Diabetol. 2008; 24(2):175-9.
12. Cano De La Cuerda R, Águila Maturana AM, Miangolarra Page JC. Efectividad de los programas de ejercicio físico en los pacientes con diabetes mellitus. Med Clin (Barc) 2009 Feb 14; 132(5):188-94.
13. Barrio IM, Molina A, Sánchez CM, Ayudarte ML. Ética de Enfermería y nuevos retos. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2006 Jan; 29 Suppl 3:41-7.
14. Herdman T (ed.). NANDA International. Diagnósticos Enfermeros Definiciones y Clasificación 2012-14. Barcelona: Elsevier; 2014.
15. Lobo A, Montón C, Campos R, García-Campayo J, Pérez Echevarría M, GZEMPP. Detección de morbilidad psíquica en la práctica médica. El nuevo instrumento. Zaragoza: Luzón SA; 1993.
16. Caro I, Ibáñez E. La Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión. Bol Psicol. 1992; 36:43-69.
17. Naveiro Fuentes M, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Olmedo Requena R, Amezcua Prieto C, Bueno Cabanillas A, Mozas Moreno J. Resultados perinatales en función de 3 criterios diagnósticos de diabetes gestacional. Clin Invest Ginecol Obstet. 2015 Apr; 42(2):66-71.
18. Hedderson MM, Williams MA, Holt VL, Weiss NS, Ferrara A. Body mass index and weight gain prior to pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Apr; 198(4):409.e1-7.
19. Simmons D. Diabetes and obesity in pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2011 Feb; 25(1):25-36.
20. Stothard KJ, Tennant PWG, Bell R, Rankin J. Maternal overweight and obesity and the risk of congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2009 Feb 11; 301(6):636-50.
21. Duncan I, Ahmed T, Li QE, Stetson B, Ruggiero L, Burton K, et al. Assessing the value of the diabetes educator. Diabetes Educ. 2011 Jan; 37(5):638-57.
22. Galindo Rubio M, Jansà Morató M, Menéndez Torre E. Educación terapéutica y autocuidado: resultados del estudio observacional transversal “Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs 2” (DAWN2) en España. Endocrinología y nutrición: órgano de la Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Doyma; 2015. p. 391-9.
23. Duke S-AS, Colagiuri S, Colagiuri R. Individual patient education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane database Syst Rev. 2009 Jan; (1):CD005268.
24. Balas Nakash M, Rodríguez Cano A, Muñoz Manrique C, Vásquez Peña P, Perichart Perera O. Adherence to a medical nutrition therapy program in pregnant women with diabetes, measured by three methods, and its association with glycemic control. Rev Invest Clin. 2010 Jan; 62(3):235-43.
