Organization and environmental factors with impact on the presence of violent behaviours in Psychiatric Hospitalization Units
Section: Healthcare Management
How to quote
Quílez Jover J, Icart Isern MT. Factores organizacionales y ambientales que influyen en la presencia de conductas violentas en unidades de hospitalización psiquiátrica. Metas Enferm feb 2016; 19(1): 50-57.
Authors
Jorge Quílez Jover1, Mª Teresa Icart Isern2
Position
1Enfermero Especialista en Salud Mental. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu. Barcelona2Catedrática Enfermería Comunitaria y Salud Pública. Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería. Universidad de Barcelona. L’Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona)
Contact address
Jorge Quílez Jover. Dirección Enfermería. Pabellón Sant Josep, 1ª pta. C/ Doctor Pujades, 42. 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat (Barcelona).
Contact email: jquilez@pssjd.org
Abstract
Objective: to assess the evidence available regarding occupational factors in Psychiatric Hospitalization Units, with impact on the presence of violent behaviour towards the Nursing Staff.
Method: a narrative review of literature was conducted. Articles were searched for in the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, PsicInfo, and the Scopus platform, from January, 2000 to August, 2015. The search included studies in English, French or Spanish: prospective studies including occupational risk factors for violent behaviour in the working place, more specifically in Mental Health Units. The publication should present primary clinical data, where the sample or sub-sample included hospitalized patients.
Results: risk factors were classified according to the concept model by Chappell and Di Martino, focusing on occupational factors (setting). The factors presenting the highest relationship with the increase in violent incidents were: structural barriers in the units (physical distribution), lack of follow-up and ratio control based on workloads and the typology of conditions and admissions, and the insufficient communication of incidences.
Conclusions: assessing and acknowledging the risk factors that generate violent behaviours can be useful in order to implement strategies for prevention and intervention, not only regarding professionals (training actions, professional competence, work experience, etc.) and users (specific approach based on each condition), but also in structural matters (less restrictive spaces), organization matters (follow-up and control of ratios based on workloads), and cultural aspects (to improve the communication of incidences and the reflexive practice).
Keywords:
Mental Health; Violence; aggression; work setting
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