Authors

Mª José Gómez Gutiérrez1, Luis Martín-Doimeadios Trujillo2

Position

1 Enfermera. Máster en Farmacología para Enfermería2 Enfermero. Máster de Enfermería de urgencias, cuidados postanestesia y paciente crítico

Contact address

Mª José Gómez Gutiérrez. C/ La Mata, 37. 13004 Ciudad Real

Contact email: mgomezgutierrez@sescam.jccm.es

Abstract

Objective: to determine the quality of sleep in elderly people from the town of Porzuna (Ciudad Real) and the city of Madrid, and to assess whether there is any influence by the rural and/or urban settings.
Method: a descriptive transversal study on elderly people, between 65-and-80-year old. A convenience sample was selected, including 52 subjects living in Porzuna and 52 subjects living in Madrid. The data collection tool was the The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which includes seven areas (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medications, and daytime dysfunction). Chi Square Test was used for data treatment and analysis, and Confidence Intervals were estimated (CI 95%).
Results: out of the 52 elderly subjects in the rural setting, 21% (CI 95%= 9.5-12.3) presented a PSQI> 15 or severe difficulty to fall asleep, 65% (CI 95%= 1.1-1.6) qualified as Quite Good their sleep quality, 58% (CI 95%= 1.9-2.5) had a latency > 60 minutes, 58% (CI 95%=1.4-1.8) a sleep duration of 6-7 hours, and 48% (CI 95%= 2-2.4) a sleep efficiency <65%. On the other hand, in the urban setting, 46% (CI 95%= 12.7-15.3) achieved a PSQI> 15, 60% (CI 95%= 2.1-2.6) qualified their quality of sleep as Very Bad, 54% (CI 95%= 2.1-2.6) had a latency >60 minutes, 46% (CI 95%= 2-2.4) a sleep duration <5 hours, and 37% (CI 95%= 0.9-1.5) a sleep efficiency >85%. There were statistically significant differences (p< 0.05) in all the Pittsburgh Test areas, except in Sleep Latency.
Conclusions: the sleep quality of elderly people with residence in the rural setting is better than that of those who live in the urban setting, and there are statistically significant differences in all areas included in the The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, except for Sleep Latency.

Keywords:

Sleep quality; elderly person; the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; rural setting; urban setting; research; transversal study; transversal study

Versión en Español

Título:

Influencia del ámbito de residencia en la calidad del sueño de la población anciana