Authors

Mª José Díaz-Valentín1, Margarita Garrido-Abejar2, Rosa Mª Fuentes-Chacón3, Mª Dolores Serrano-Parra2, Mª Elisa Larrañaga-Rubio4, Santiago Yubero-Jiménez4

Position

1Enfermera. Servicio de Urgencias. Hospital Virgen de la Luz. Cuenca. Profesora Asociada. Facultad de Enfermería de Cuenca. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Máster en investigación sociosanitaria2Doctora en Enfermería. Profesora Titular Universidad. Facultad de Enfermería de Cuenca. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha3Enfermera. Profesora Titular Escuela. Facultad de Enfermería de Cuenca. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Máster en investigación sociosanitaria4Doctor/a en Psicología. Profesor/a Titular Universidad. Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y Humanidades de Cuenca. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha

Contact address

Mª José Díaz Valentín. Facultad de Enfermería. Campus Cuenca. Edificio “Melchor Cano”. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. C/ Santa Teresa Jornet, s/n.

Contact email: mariajose.diaz@uclm.es

Abstract

Objectives: to analyze the influence of different listening styles on empathy among Nursing students.
Method: a descriptive and cross-sectional study among Nursing students who have completed subjects from practical to clinical (n= 557). Study variables; age, gender, empathy (Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Health Professions (JSE-HPS)) and listening styles (The Listening Styles Profile (LSP-16)). Statistical analysis: bivariate analysis through Student’s t and Pearson Correlation Coefficient; multivariate analysis through linear regression.
Results: in total, 446 students participated (mean age: 22.8 years; 20.4% were male). The mean score in empathy was 118.0 (SD: 12.2). The mean values for listening styles were: 12.5 (SD: 1.8) for People; 9.1 (SD: 2.2) for Contents; 7.5 (SD: 2.7) for Action and 4.8 (SD: 2.8) for Time. The multivariate analysis, adjusted by age and gender, showed that the empathic ability increases when there is a higher score in the People-oriented style (ß= 0.243); and, on the other hand, it is reduced when there is an increase in the Time-oriented style (ß= -0.271).
Conclusion: the Person-oriented listening style, which focuses on the needs and feelings by the patient, is the prevailing one and it increases the empathic ability; while the Time-oriented style is characteristic in impatient listeners, and has a negative effect on empathy. During clinical training, students must be aware of the influence of their listening style during their interaction with patients.

Keywords:

nursing students; empathy; listening styles; education; nurse-patient relationships; Nursing care; nursing care

Versión en Español

Título:

Influencia del estilo de escucha sobre la capacidad empática en estudiantes de Enfermería