Authors

María Dolores Gil Rey1, Mònica Sianes Gallen2, Esmeralda López González1, Ana Granados Maturano3, Laia Casamitjana Espuña4, Marina Luengo Moral5, Jana Merino Raldúa6

Position

¹Graduada en Enfermería. Enfermera de hospitalización. Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Barcelona (España)²Doctora en Enfermería. Gestora servicio cirugía traumatológica y ortopédica. Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Barcelona (España)³Doctora en Medicina. Médica especialista en Medicina Interna. Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Barcelona (España)⁴Licenciada en Medicina. Médica adjunta en Endocrinología y Nutrición. Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Barcelona (España)⁵Graduada en Nutrición humana y dietética. Nutricionista del Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Barcelona (España)⁶Licenciada en Medicina. Doctora en Medicina. Médica especialista en cirugía vascular. Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Barcelona (España)

Contact address

María Dolores Gil Rey. Hospital Parc Taulí, 1. 08208 Sabadell, Barcelona (España)

Contact email: mdgil@tauli.cat

Abstract

Objectives: to understand the prevalence of the risk of malnutrition among hospitalized surgical patients in a tertiary hospital.

Method: a descriptive cross-sectional single-centre study with hospitalized surgical patients. The sample size was calculated at 323 patients, and there was convenience recruitment. The malnutrition risk was analysed with the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 scale, and its association with different sociodemographic and clinical variables. The Chi Square, Fisher’s Exact, Student’s t and Mann-Whitney tests were applied for data analysis, with a statistical significance of p< 0.05.

Results: the study included 318 patients; 74.8% of them were male, with a mean age of 62.2 years (SD: 15.54). At the initial screening, 80 participants (25.2%) presented potential risk of malnutrition; while after the final screening, only 12 presented a real risk of malnutrition (3.8%). No relationship was found between malnutrition and gender, but it was found with age, with a proportional increase in risk (p< 0.001). Other factors associated were the need for a caregiver (p= 0.001), the type of condition at admission (p= 0.034) and having a personal background of neoplasia (p< 0.001) and cognitive deterioration (p= 0.001).

Conclusions: there is a low prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalized surgical patients, and it seems to increase with age and with a personal history of cognitive deterioration and neoplasia, although these results must be interpreted with caution. The detection of malnutrition at admission will promote taking prevention measures, therefore allowing to implement a nutritional plan and facilitating follow-up after discharge.

Keywords:

nutritional status; nutritional screening; malnutrition; malnutrition risk; NRS 2002; hospitalization; surgery department hospital

Versión en Español

Título:

Cribado nutricional en pacientes quirúrgicos en un hospital universitario