Authors

Immaculada García-Escobar1, Teresa Muns Marin1, Anna Ponjoan2, Meritxell Fajula Bonet1

Position

1Diplomada en Enfermería. Centre d'Atenció Primària Ripoll/St. Joan de les Abadesses. Gerència Territorial de Girona. Institut Català de la Salut. Barcelona (España). Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol). Barcelona (España)2Doctora en Biología. Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI). Hospital Universitario Dr. Trueta. Girona (España). Vascular Health Research Group (ISV)-Girona. Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol). Barcelona (España)

Contact address

Immaculada García-Escobar. C/ Mare de Déu del Prat, 15. 17860 Sant Joan de les Abadesses, Ripollés, Gerona (España).

Contact email: igarciae.girona.ics@gencat.cat

Abstract

Objective: to determine the impact of home confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the control of glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac) and cardiovascular risk in diabetic persons living in a rural area of Catalonia, as well as their self-perception of disease control
Method: a descriptive longitudinal retrospective study with persons diagnosed with T2D and users of the Primary Care services of the Institut Català de la Salut, in the rural area of Ripollés (Catalonia, Spain). Data were collected from clinical records about: Hb1Ac, cardiovascular risk (according to the Framingham-REGICOR equation), age, gender, smoking, blood pressure, weight, body mass index and biochemical variables, both before and after lockdown; and they were compared. Besides, an ad hoc questionnaire on self-perceived health was administered.
Results: the study included N= 233 persons with a mean age of 69.8 (SD: 10) years, mostly male (56.2%) and non-smoking (90.3%). Of these, 46.3% had good control of their Hb1Ac before the confinement, which increased to 48.1% (p= 0.555). No significant differences were detected between the average HbA1c before (7.26; SD: 1.17) and after the confinement (7.28; SD:1.23). The majority of participants had medium (51.4%) or high cardiovascular risk (25.7%), and this increased by 0.11 points post-confinement (p= 0.307). There was a perception of worsening in their T2D after the confinement by 18% of participants (N= 42), mainly due to sedentarism (42.8%) and changes in their diet (21.4%).
Conclusions: lockdown did not generate any impact on Hb1Ac levels in cardiovascular risk, or in the self-perception of T2D management of patients with diabetes in a rural area.

Keywords:

quarantine; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Diabetes Mellitus; type 2; self-management; rural population; rural nursing; rural health; glycated hemoglobin; REGICOR

Versión en Español

Título:

Impacto del confinamiento domiciliario por COVID-19 en población con diabetes tipo 2 de una zona rural