Authors

Izamara Santos Flores1, Karla Selene López García2, Francisco Rafael Guzmán Facundo2, María Magdalena Alonso Castillo3, Miguel Ángel Vega Grimaldo4

Position

1Doctora en Educación. Facultad de Enfermería. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Monterrey, Nuevo León (México).2Doctor/a en Enfermería. Facultad de Enfermería. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Monterrey, Nuevo León (México).3Doctora en Filosofía con especialidad en Psicología. Facultad de Enfermería. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Monterrey, Nuevo León (México).4Maestría en Ciencias de Enfermería. Secretaría de Salud del Estado de Nuevo León. Hospital General de Sabinas Hidalgo. Nuevo León (México).

Contact address

Izamara Santos Flores. C/ Virginia Ayala 1025. Plaza Mirador. 65230 Sabinas Hidalgo, Nuevo León (México).

Contact email: iza-mara@live.com.ar

Abstract

Objective: to describe the association between parental styles and use of tobacco and alcohol in adolescents and young persons from the northern Nuevo León state, Mexico.
Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population was formed by 15-to-23-year-old high school and university students (N= 1.562) selected through stratified sampling. Demographic variables and use of substances were measured, as well as the parenting style perceived in their father and mother through the Steinberg Scale (democratic, indulgent, authoritative, neglectful). Descriptive statistics and linear regression models were conducted.
Results: in total, 448 students participated in the study; 49.6% of them had smoked and 76.6% had used alcohol at some point. Statistically significant differences were found in the use of alcohol according to the parenting style by their mother, more frequent in the case of neglectful style (87%). At multivariate level, the neglectful parenting style by the father (β= 0.15) and older age (β= 0.30) were associated with a higher number of cigars smoked in a typical day (R2= 0.08; p < 0.001). The democratic parenting style by the mother (β= -0.16) and being male (β= -0.25) explained a lower number of drinks taken during a typical day (R2= 0.08; p < 0.001).
Conclusions: half of the participants had smoked at some time, and three fourths of them had drank alcohol. Perceiving a neglectful parenting style in the father increased the amount of tobacco used in a typical day. The democratic parenting style of the mother was associated with a lower volume of alcohol taken in a typical day.

Keywords:

Child rearing; Tobacco smoking; Alcohol drinking; adolescent; risk factors; protective factors; cross-sectional studies

Versión en Español

Título:

Estilos de crianza parental y consumo de tabaco y alcohol en adolescentes y jóvenes escolarizados