Authors

Virginia Cruz Liñán1, Jerónimo García Romero2

Position

1Enfermera. Servicio Andaluz de Salud. Distrito Costa del Sol, Fuengirola. Málaga (España)2Doctor. Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Histología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Física y Deportiva. Universidad de Málaga. Málaga (España)

Contact address

Virginia Cruz Liñán. Servicio Andaluz de Salud. Distrito Costa del Sol. Avda. Mijas, 28. 29640 Fuengirola (Málaga).

Contact email: virgi_cl_@hotmail.com

Abstract

Objective: to determine the effects caused by inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in the population with overweight and obesity regarding their functional performance, pulmonary volume, and metabolic profile.
Method: a review was conducted. There were searches in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science (WOS), using the descriptors: breathing exercise, inspiratory muscle training, inspiratory training, respiratory training, and truncation of the term “obes”. Clinical trials published in English, Spanish or French were included, since 2010 to December 2021. Those studies including population with obesity / overweight and application of IMT were selected.
Results: fifteen (15) studies were included in the review; in total, there were 560 participants. The studies showed beneficial results of IMT: increase in strength and resistance by the inspiratory muscles, improvement in functional performance reducing oxygen cost and oxygen use, and increase in the maximum use of oxygen. This did not entail changes in the lipid profile, although it stimulated growth hormone synthesis, thus reducing the hyposomatotropism problems derived of obesity. Regarding bariatric surgery, IMT was associated with a reduction in complications derived of the surgical act.
Conclusion: IMT is a simple practice that reduces the sensation of dyspnea, increases tolerance to exercise and, therefore, improves the perception of quality of life. This therapy is included in many nursing care programs in the hospital setting, and it can be applicable in Primary Care and in the home setting.

Keywords:

training; inspiratory muscle; physical functional performance; Obesity; overweight

Versión en Español

Título:

Efectos del entrenamiento de la musculatura inspiratoria en personas con sobrepeso y obesidad