Authors

1Sandra Larrauri Cantero, 1María Sanz González, 1Melissa Cavada Fernández, 1Carolina Zorrilla Varela

Position

¹Enfermera del Área Quirúrgica del Hospital de Laredo (Cantabria).

Contact address

Carolina Zorrilla Varela. Avda. de Francia, 39. Residencial Las Dunas, Puerta 27. 39770 Laredo (Cantabria).

Contact email: czorrillav@hotmail.com

Abstract

Urinary Retention (POUR) among patients who have undergone Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty, and to show the performance of the associated risk factors.
Method: a retrospective descriptive observational study. The patients included were those who had undergone a total knee arthroplasty between January, 1st, 2008, and December, 31st, 2010. Those patients with non-primary arthroplasty were excluded, as well as those with a catheter placed before the surgical procedure. The operational POUR definition used was: objectively obtaining at least 500cc of urine after bladder catheter placement, either derived from a bladder balloon palpation or from the presence of signs and symptoms of a vagal episode, such as hypotension and/or bradycardia, among others. The statistical analysis of the sample obtained was conducted through Microsoft Excel® Office 2010.
Results: out of those 272 patients who had undergone a primary total knee arthroplasty, 91 developed POUR, with a 33.4% incidence. Regarding the association between POUR and the presence of previous conditions, 63.7% of patients presented hypertension, and 14.3% suffered diabetes mellitus. In terms of the association between POUR and patients’ usual medication, 96.7% of patients were taking some type of medication routinely. In terms of type of anaesthesia, 95.6% of patients had undergone surgery with spinal anaesthesia complemented with continuous femoral block, and 92.3% had received intrathecal fentanyl.
Conclusions: those patients who have undergone a Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty present a high risk of developing POUR, which coincides with the outcomes of the majority of papers found. This high risk, and the consequences that a POUR can cause in the health and wellbeing of patients, are sufficient cause to conduct these studies.

Keywords:

Knee replacement arthroplasty; urinary retention; urinary catheterization; Spinal anaesthesia; continuous femoral block

Versión en Español

Título:

Retención aguda de orina en el postoperatorio de las artroplastias de rodilla