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Metas de Enfermería

Metas de Enfermería

JULIO 2015 N° 6 Volumen 18

Prevalence of sarcopenia in institutionalized elderly patients with dementia

Section: Cover story

How to quote

Sarabia Cobo CM, Pérez Rugosa V, Hermosilla Grijalbo C, Núñez García MJ, de Lorena Quintal P. Prevalencia de sarcopenia en mayores con demencia institucionalizados. Metas Enferm jul/ago 2015; 18(6): 17-21.

Authors

1Carmen María Sarabia Cobo, 2Victoria Pérez Rugosa, 2Carmen Hermosilla Grijalbo, 2María José Núñez García, 2Pablo de Lorena Quintal

Position

1Profesora Ayudante LOU. Área Enfermería del Envejecimiento. Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería. Departamento de Enfermería. Universidad de Cantabria.2Enfermeros. CR Santa Lucía. Madrid.

Contact address

Carmen María Sarabia Cobo. Universidad de Cantabria. Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería.  Avda. Valdecilla, s/n. 39011 Santander.

Contact email: carmen.sarabia@unican.es    

Abstract

Objective: to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia, by applying new diagnostic criteria, in institutionalized elderly patients with dementia, analyzing the association between sarcopenia, stage of dementia, and nutritional status.
Method: multicenter transversal descriptive study, with 189 patients diagnosed with dementia in intermediate stage, institutionalized in seven residential centres in different Spanish cities. Current sarcopenia criteria were assessed through different tests (bioimpedance, dynamometry, and physical performance tests). Deterioration was also assessed, with the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) and the Functional Assessment Staging (FAS), and nutritional status was assessed through the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Parametric tests were conducted (Student’s t and ANOVA).
Results: 74% of patients were female, and their mean age was 82.3 years. 57.1% were in Stage 5 and 42.9% in Stage 6, according to the GDS/FAS. The MNA showed that 54.6% presented risk of malnutrition, 36.2% presented malnutrition, and 9.2% were normal. 68.8% of patients presented sarcopenia. There were significant differences for sarcopenia based on the stage of dementia, and between sarcopenia and malnutrition status.
Conclusion: there is a high rate of sarcopenia in institutionalized elderly patients with dementia, and at the same time this is associated with the status of dementia and malnutrition. The Nursing Professional is responsible for the overall and nutritional assessment, and for planning of care, therefore they will play an essential role in the early detection of this problem that has severe consequences on the elderly population.

Keywords:

sarcopenia; dementia; Institutionalized elderly patients; nutritional status; research; multicenter descriptive study

Versión en Español

Título:

Prevalencia de sarcopenia en mayores con demencia institucionalizados

Artículo completo no disponible en este idioma / Full article is not available in this language

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