Authors

José Enrique Rodríguez Rodríguez1, Isabel Sánchez García2, Belén de la Rosa Roch3, Belén Fernández-Marcote Martínez4, Mª Teresa Pulido García5, Marta Gómez Rodríguez6, Blanca Rodríguez García7, Montserrat Solís Muñoz8

Position

1Máster en Prevención de Riesgos Laborales. Servicio de Urgencias Pediátricas. H. U. Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda (Madrid)2Máster en Dirección y Gestión en Enfermería. Servicio de Urgencias Pediátricas. H. U. Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda (Madrid)3Máster en Urgencias Pediátricas. Máster en Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Internacional. Servicio de Urgencias Pediátricas. H. U. Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda (Madrid)4Máster en Urgencias Pediátricas. Servicio de Urgencias Pediátricas. H. U. Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda (Madrid)5Máster en Enfermería Escolar. Servicio de Urgencias Pediátricas. H. U. Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda (Madrid)6Especialidad en Enfermería Pediátrica. Servicio de Urgencias Pediátricas. H. U. Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda (Madrid)7Enfermera Interna Residente de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria. Rotación en Investigación en Cuidados. H. U. Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda (Madrid). Centro de Salud Ávila Sur-Oeste (Ávila) 8Doctorado en Cuidados en Salud. Investigación en Cuidados. H. U. Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda (Madrid)

Contact address

Isabel Sánchez García. C/ Murillo, 5, 1º E. 28222 Majadahonda (Madrid).

Contact email: isangar@hotmail.com

Abstract

Objective: to understand the prevalence of success in the first venous puncture or catheterization at the Paediatric Emergency Unit, and to identify the factors associated with success.
Methods: a transversal analytical study. The study subjects were all patients attending the Hospital Paediatric Emergency Unit (from December to February), who required peripheral vein puncture / catheterization. The primary outcome variable was the degree of success after the first venous puncture / catheterization. Factors associated with the patient and the technique were taken into account, as well as those related with the Nursing Professionals conducting it. A descriptive analysis and a bivariate analysis were conducted. All analyses were conducted with 95% Confidence Levels (P≤ 0.05). A logistical regression was conducted. There was a record of the persistent variables in the final logistical regression model, through the calculation of the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% Confidence Interval (CI 95%). The statistical package SPSS version 19.0 was used for analysis.
Results: the study was conducted on 292 subjects: 59.6% were boys and 40.4% were girls. The mean (SD) age was 4.58 (4.60) years. The bend of the elbow prevailed over other locations (61%). In 50.3% of cases, the vein was not visible, not palpable, or both; 47.6% of cases presented factors that made the procedure difficult, mainly lack of collaboration (22.2%). Success in vein puncture / venous catheterization at first puncture was achieved in 76.4% of cases. The factors predicting success at first venous puncture or catheterization, from higher to lower odds ratio (OR), were: a) visible / palpable type of vein (vs. non-visible / non-palpable) with OR 3.691; b) lack of factors that make it difficult to conduct the procedure (vs. presence of factors that make it difficult) with OR 3.450; c) non-visible / palpable or visible / non-palpable type of vein (vs. non-visible / non-palpable) with OR 3.046.
Conclusions: as an overall conclusion, we can state that there was a high degree of success after the first venous puncture or catheterization in <15-year-old patients seen at the Paediatric Emergency Unit. The factors associated with success to a higher extent were the type of vein and the lack of factors making difficult the procedure.

Keywords:

peripheral venous catheter; paediatrics; emergency unit

Versión en Español

Título:

Factores asociados al éxito en la primera punción o canalización venosa en urgencias pediátricas