Authors

Viviane Martins da Silva, Marcos Venicios de Oliveira Lópes, Thelma Leite de Araujo

Position

Licenciada en Enfermería, Doctor en Enfermería, profesor adjunto del departamento de Enfermería, Doctor en Enfermería, profesor adjunto del departamento de Enfermería

Abstract

Objective: to determine the frequency in the nursing diagnosis of “Deterioration of gas exchange in children with congenital cardiopathy” and its relationship with age, gender, onset of condition, other nursing diagnoses, and presence of collaboration problems.
Material and methods: cross-sectional, descriptive analysis conducted in a specialty hospital specialising in cardiopulmonay diseases in Fortaleza-Ceará (Brasil) with 45 admitted. A medical interview script and a clinical examination based on Taxonomy II were performed to establish the nursing diagnosis of deterioration of gas exchange, following the nursing process described by Gordon (9). The method proposed by Carpenito was used to determine collaboration problems. The chi sq, Fisher and Log-Ran k tests were used for the analysis of the data.
Results: children with congenital cardiopathy diagnosed with “deterioration of gas exchange” were, on average, younger that those without such diagnosis (p=0,000). Deterioration of gas exchange was found to have a significant association with (p<0,05) with five nursing diagnoses: “inefficient respiratory pattern, intolerance to activity, delayed growth and development, ineffective tissue perfusion, and decreased cardiac expenditure”. In accordance with the survival analysis, younger children present a “deterioration of gas changes earlier in life” (p=0,022).
Conclusions: respiratory and hemodynamic alterations caused by the baseline or underlying cardiac disease have a direct impact on the establishment of a “deteriorated gas exchange”.

Versión en Español

Título:

Deterioro del intercambio gaseoso en niños con cardiopatías congénitas